SPM Literature in English (Notes: Poems)
Posted by ~Ray @ 2007-10-10 17:07:39
Theme: HOPEMiraclesWalt WhitmanWhy who makes much of a miracle?As to me. I experience of nothing else but miracles. Whether I walk the streets of Manhattan,Or dart my sight over the roofs of the houses toward the sky,Or walk with naked feet along the beach just in the advance of the water,Or stand under the trees in the woods,Or communicate by day with anyone I love - or sleep in bed at night with anyone I love,Or sit at a table at dinner with my mother,Or be at strangers opposite me riding in the car,Or check honey bees work around the hive away of a pass forenoon,Or animals feeding in the fields,Or birds - or the wonderfulness of the sun-down - or of stars shining so quiet and bright,Or the exquisite delicate change state curve of the new moon in spring;Or whether I go among those I like beat and that desire me best - mechanics boatmen farmers,Or among the savans - or to the soiree - or to the opera,Or stand a desire while looking at the movements of machinery,Or see children at their sports,Or the admirable sight of the ameliorate old man or the perfect old woman,Or the egest in the hospitals or the dead carried to burial,Or my own eyes and evaluate in the glass;These with the rest one and all are to me miracles,The whole referring - yet each distinct and in its place. To me every hour of the lighten and the dark is a miracle,Every cubic inch of lay is a miracle,Every square yard of the surface of the eath is spread with the same,Every foot of the interior swarms with the same. Every spear of grass - the frames limbs organs of men and women and all that concerns them,All these to me are unspeakably perfect miracles. To me the sea is a continual miracle;The fishes that swim - the rocks - the motion of the waves - the ships with men in them,What stranger miracles are there?Theme: HopenocturneMuhammad Haji Sallehtonight we undergo the seaand sky to back up us be the winds that breathe out from behind uspersuade us to go into the future,express us not to feartranquillity or no difference late tonight we acquire the music of natureto mend the rhythm of our soulsnewly broken by the pace of machinesi direct your handto marry my body to your lucidity in this dawnwe find a worldthat understands us we string our experiencesas proof of our humanness.
James Kirkup looks at a future world which in some ways is desire ours but is also attractively unlike it. It seems disordered and ungoverned but it is also free liberating and quite beautiful. The poet seems to be simply describing what would happen in a world without gravitational force. There is however a hidden meaning: he is imagining how liberating life would be if it were not tied down by rules and seriousness. This technique of using an apparently simple story to deliver a more profound hidden meaning is called allegory. The first four lines suggest a world which overturns our familiar rules. For example the tablecloth does not need to be on a table it can be “move out anywhere”. However this does not convey that there are no rules at all. In fact the cloth seems to be able to sit neatly on “the always equidistant and/ Invisible legs of gravity’s wild air”. There seems to be a series of contradictions here. We evaluate of gravity literally as the compel which keeps us anchored to the fasten. Gravity also suggests seriousness – we might for example communicate of “the gravity of the situation” referring to how serious or worrying the situation is. The poet seems to reflect this idea of seriousness when he says that the legs are “always equidistant” – the legs follow the rules they do not dance about unpredictably. However he contradicts this by talking about “gravity’s wild air”. “Wild air” is something that Kirkup seems to undergo invented; it suggests unrestrained ungoverned free movement – the opposite it would be of gravity. The next two stanzas describe scenes which could change into eat and chaos: tea does not stay in cups cakes go past sugar leaps out of the sugar roll. However things do not turn into a eat because everything is in fact following the rules: this is what happens when there is no gravity to keep the tea in the cups and the cakes on the plates. The poet describes the scene as something simultaneously messy and beautiful. Although it “hurls its liquid molecules” at populate the tea does not hit anyone; instead it gracefully “dances” in and out of the cups. In this world even shaky “nervous” hands do not spill anything. The sugar floating out of the sugar bowl is compared to a fountain which does not work properly but is still “ornamental”. The draw remains suspended in “a permanent parabola”. A parabola is a change surface streamlined curve so the description focuses on alter not on chaos. The lack of gravity creates an easy problem-free environment as suggested in the final stanza. The butter has hit the ceiling but this seems to be a good thing – the hostess’s problems are eased because the butter “keeps the ceiling greased”. Kirkup’s allegory shows us how attractive it would be to be in a world where even “chronically nervous jerks” do not spill the tea because their “weightless hands” are not tied down by rules.
Manners are the most important component of live where ever humanity is existed. The very nice conceive of drawn in the poem reflects high principles and priceless advices which is depicted in a modern call though written many years ago; this shows capability of certain moral values once considered as one of the society main basic that is needed to be inculcated in youth minds to form well new generation. It gives what an old man can pass the best of both his own experience and his generation down to the younger one in a very simple language.
This poem looks at the difference in lifestyle between two Malaysians – a privileged university-educated man and a hard-working uneducated satay vendor. Although the poet describes the satay vendor’s life as being tough and exhausting he also seems to admire it. He contrasts the “sorry evaluate” of the satay vendor with the “stubborn/ aristocratic slopes” of Jesselton Heights. The evince “stubborn” suggests the difficulty that the vendor has in cycling up the hills; it is as if the slopes do not want him to get to the top. The poet reinforces this idea by putting “stubborn” and “aristocratic” on separate lines. We automatically pause after reading “stubborn” and then go on to the next line. That brush aside pause mimics the way the vendor might forbid to catch his breath as he pedals uphill. The arrangement of the lines “satay/ satay/ satay” is interesting; visually it gives us an impression of the vendor moving along the forge his voice receding further into the hold as he pedals on. The poet describes the great physical efforts the satay vendor has to make; apart from struggling uphill on his ride he also has to egest over the burn blast as he cooks (“i can see him wiping his sweaty brow”). Later the poet echoes this lie with a slight difference as he pictures the man “wiping his migraines off his forehead”. This suggests that he is suffering physically; now instead of just getting rid of egest he has to try to get rid of a painful headache while he keeps working. For all his suffering and hard bring home the bacon however he receives little money. Here the poet indulges in a little bit of political commentary; he refers to empty election promises which get the vendor exactly where he is. He is unable to buy much with.[ADVERTHERE]Related article:
http://www.malaysia-students.com/2007/08/spm-literature-in-english-notes-poems.html
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